PROJECT WINDRIGGER - March 2003 installment

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During our last Winter I developed a simple and quick way to construct the plywood hull of an extended version of Windrigger MK I (WR6200) which maybe for construction of a catamaran, proa or trimaran . My objective is to provide plans and building instructions that would appeal to those who have no prior boat-building experience. The plans shall comprise many photographs instead of detailed drawings, all contained in a CD-ROM.

Another objective is to provide a way for amateur yacht researchers to tryout their ideas without first having to learn about boatbuilding required to build a platform for their experiments - as I have had to. This method allows them to vary the main dimensions of a hull to suit their requirements.

The boatbuilding method comprises first building the sides of the hull, using a building jig to position its components and set the designed curvature of the sides. Two sides of the hull are then placed together, temporarily fastened at bow and stern and spread apart by inserting two bulkheads, followed by adding cross-framing. Finally, top and bottom panels are fastened to the chines and sheer clamps.

The following covers a description of this boatbuilding method and a half-length hull I constructed to illustrate the method and prove my ideas and calculations. This hull was made from cheap non-water-proof materials to facilitate tryout of various boatbuilding techniques, framing schemes and aesthetic features of the hull. I labelled it - the Tryout hull.

WR6200 is nominally 6200mm loa with a Dory-shape hull of midship cross-section of 500mm across its bottom, 800mm across the deck, and 500mm deep and symmetrical fore and aft. I used mathematics to define the hull shape and particularly the surface shape of its side which is part of a cone. I calculated a set of coordinates defining this conical surface and used them to realise this surface on the building jig shown in Drawing A.

Drawing A - Windrigger WR 6200 Building Jig drawing

From Drawing A, I constructed the building jig shown in Photo 1, using fibreboard for the cross-sections. These are screwed to a base comprising a fibreboard base supported on timber beams. The jig is mounted on two trestles arranged so that their crossbeams are parallel and the base is a plane surface.

Photo 1 - Wrg 6200 Building Jig.

The first step in construction of a hull is to cut out a side panel - for WR6200 the dimensions are 522mm wide, length of 3038mm (for the half length Tryout hull) along the sheer line, 2516mm along the bottom chine - which results in a 45degree bowline angle. This is then laid on the jig and the chine and sheer-line intersection points are marked on the jig sections - as shown in Photo 2.

Photo 2 - marking the chine and sheer-line intersection points on the jig sections. (The transverse strap shown on the hull surface covers a but-joint instead on a scarf-joint which would be used for a real hull)

Then the side panel is removed and cut-outs are made in the sections to accommodate the chine log and sheer clamp as shown in photo 3. Also, cut-outs are made to accommodate a hull stringer included to stiffen the side panels.

Photo 3 - cut-outs for the chine, sheer and stiffener stringer.

Then the chine, sheer clamp and stringer are located in the cut-outs and held in position by temporary fastenings - as shown in Photo 4.

Photo 4 - chines, sheer clamp and stringer positioned on the jig.

Cross-section logs are shaped so that their surface facing the jig section is parallel to it. These are clamped and glued to the chine, sheer clamp and stringer (being carefull not to glue them to their associated jig section).

Photo 5 - Cross-section logs are glued to the chine,sheer clamp and stringer.

The side panel is positioned on top of the chine, sheer clamp and stringers are glued to them - and removed from the jig once the glue has cured.

Photo 6 - The side panel is glued to the chine, sheer clamp and stringer.

The other side is made by repeating the operations in the foregoing. Because I only have a half-length jig, I had to first produce a mirror-image arrangement of the jig which entailed unscrewing each section from the base of the jig, rotating them 180 degrees and fastening them back onto the base.

To assemble the half-length hull, the two sides were attached at the bow, a bulkhead was inserted and fixed in position to spread the sides apart, and bottom and deck transverse timbers were clamped to their corresponding cross-section logs as shown on Photo 7.

Photo 7 - Side panels spread apart by a bulkhead and cross-section framing installed.

Photo 8 and 9 shows a bow-section fitted and secured by West System epoxy-filleting compound - this operation took me not more than 30 minutes. When I constructed the Windrigger proa and catamaran hulls during 1992-93, I made the bow-sections from 25mm thick timber, shaped and glued to the sides - this took me about 3 hours per bow-section.

Photo 8 - Bow section taped to the sides of the hull at bow.

Photo 9 - Bow section glued to the hull with epoxy filleting compound.

Photos 10 and 11 show the internal framing of the catamaran version of the hull including details of the mast support tube, spade-rudder tube and the beam-change arm used to connect the hull to its bridgedeck. The final step is to fit and glue the deck and bottom panels. This entails first shaping the external surfaces of the chines and sheer logs so that they are parallel to the deck and bottom surfaces. The panels are then glued to the chines and sheer logs using adhesive tapes to provide clamping pressure.

Photo 10 - top view showing stubmast support and rudder post.

Photo 11 - Featuring the catamaran beam-change arm and bow-block.

BOATBUILDING TECHNIQUE

West System type epoxy is used to coat all timber and plywood surfaces and for all glue joints. No metal fastenings. No exotic boatbuilding timber - I use the timber available at the local hardware store. I recently cut-open the Windrigger hull I built 10 years ago using West System techniques and did not find any rot or failure of glued joints.

OTHER-SIZE HULLS

The building jig can be used to build other-size hulls - for example Photo 12 shows a hull panel 290mm wide and which would form a hull of a midship section of 500mm across its bottom, 666mm across its deck, vertical depth of 278mm, 5000mm along its bottom and 5556mm loa. It would displace 400Kg at 212mm draft.

Another example - this jig may be used to produce a proa or trimaran hulls of the following dimensions:

Hull similar to WR 6200 but with hull height reduced to 400mm resulting in a loa of 5800mm, 400Kg displacement at 212mm draft.

Outrigger-hull midship cross-section 250mm bottom, 450mm deck, height 300mm and 4144loa.

Photo 12 - Building jig used to produce hull sizes other than WR62000.

AESTHETICS

The aesthetics of lines on a drawing board and computer screen often look different when viewed full-size. For example the shape of the stem(bow block) shown in Photo 11 appears to me to be too blunt. By experiment I found that a finer bow is produced by lengthening the side panels by 80mm at each end.

The sheer line and rocker are the result of the parallel fore-and-aft edges of the side panels - producing an 80mm rise at the bow. Parallel was selected to simplify cutting out the side panels and fortunately it looks o.k. To obtain a particular rocker and or sheer line, the associated vertical offsets are marked out on the jig cross-sections and transferred to its associated side panel.

The best way to produce the side panel is to first cut the side panel from 3mm fibreboard use it checkout the aesthetics, shear line and rocker, and ultimately use it as a template to mark out the much more expensive marine plywood side panel.

COMMENTS

Hydrostatics parameters for a hull developed on the building jig are obtained by taking offsets dimensions from its side panel mounted on th jig and keying them into Hullform hull-design software.

The description is based on a half-length hull jig which was used solely to facilitate tryout and development of the building method. In practice a full-length jig would be used to build the two sides of a hull.

The hulls described above are symmetrical fore-and-aft. This form was selected as it minimises jig construction, provides constant chine and sheer log angle (16.7 degrees) allowing them to be machined before installation, and provides constant form-stiffness for the plywood side-panels. The method may be used to construct hulls that are not symmetrical fore-and-aft.

There are many variations of the building method - for example an asymmetric hull maybe produced by using two jigs of different fore-and -aft curvature.

The WR6200 hull is 500mm longer than Windrigger MK I. This was done to increase its fore-and-stiffness and increase its ability to carry sail in high winds.

There is sufficient information in the fore-going and in the other pages of Project Windrigger on this website, for a persion wlth some knowledge of boatbuilding, to build WR6200 or variations of it. I welcome your questions and comments

Added 3rd April 2003:

Since the last installment I have gained some experience from sailing Cat Mk II. The 4 January 2003 photograph shows David and the cat berthed at the Clyde river-estuary bridge after sailing it from my home 14 km upriver. The winds were not more than about 15 knots, gusty and head-on most of the way. We had Michael and his GPS onboard - which recorded a max speed of 11.4knots for the downriver trip. The trip home was an easy run before-the-wind until the Big Island narrows where as usual it changed to head-on - so we motored the rest of the way. The hulls provided no noticeable impacts from quatering waves which certainly slapped against the relatively flat sides of my plywood cat which I sailed in these choppy waves on an earlier occasion. But we found the very-low lateral resistance of the Cat MK II hulls to be a problem when tacking as the cat slipped sideways at low speed and we had little control until the speed increased suficiently to allow its twin spade-rudders and centreplate to develop lift.

February 28 - a successful trial of a tacking centreplate which comprised an aluminium plate 8mm thick, 355mm wide and in- water-depth of 500mm, free to move in the centrecase slot to provide 7 degrees angle of attack and designed to automatically move to a positive angle of attack following tacking. The cat tacked perfectly - no need to backwind a sail or paddle around as required on the earlier trial.

March 25 - wind strength 5knots, laborously tacked out to sea against the tide, from the other side of bridge shown in the photo. The cat showed no problem in riding the confused sea-chop around the breakwater and swell out to sea - no impacts on the underside of the bridgedeck which is not more than 300mm above still-water surface.

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